Their heat conductivity provides also heat dissipation capacity, contributing to the tribochemistry in the PAD/rotor interface. They contribute to the stabilization of the coefficient of friction and reducing wear. Copper, brass and bronze are common additives used to improve wet friction and recovery.

With the copper-free trend, life extension of the counterparts with higher safety requirements has become a prevailing challenge for the Heavy Duty industry, specially with copper-free formulations. Engineered ecoCast grades (Cu-free cast iron chips) contains self-lubricating phases that provides excellent noise and vibration damping properties and can replace brass